The upcoming of 3G in our country India...

Hiie friends, Today I Amit Upadhyay will tell you the most important things about the upcoming of  3G in our country India. To know much more about me visit my personal website here .

What is 3G?

3G stands for third generation, and is a wireless industry term for a collection of international standards and technologies aimed at increasing efficiency and improving the performance of mobile wireless networks.3G wireless services offer enhancements to current applications, including greater data speeds, increased capacity for voice and data and the advent of packet data networks versus today’s  switched networks.

Technology

3G wireless networks are capable of transferring data at speeds of up to 384Kbps. Average speeds for 3G networks will range between 64Kbps and 384Kbps, quite a jump when compared to common wireless data speeds in the United States that are often slower than a 14.4Kb modem. 3G is considered high-speed or broadband mobile Internet access, and in the future 3G networks are expected to reach speeds of more than 2Mbps.

The 3G technologies are turning phones and other devices into multmedia players, making it possible to download music and video clips. The new service is called the "freedom of mobile multimedia access" (FOMA), and it uses wideband code division multiple access (W-CDMA) technology to transfer data over its networks. W-CDMA sends data in a digital format over a range of frequencies, which makes the data move faster, but also uses more bandwidth than digital voice services. W-CDMA is not the only 3G technology; competing technologies include CDMAOne, which differs technically, but should provide similar services. 

FOMA services are available within a 20-mile radius around the center of Tokyo, the company plans to introduce it to other Japanese cities by the end of the year. But services and phones are expensive and uptake of this market is expected to be slow.

History

This first-generation analog network may have been cutting edge at the time, but it soon became notorious for its decent call quality. Even worse, anyone with a police radio scanner can easily eavesdrop on AMPS calls, which travel through the air without any scrambling or encryption. AMPS still is available today on some CDMA phones from Sprint and Verizon, but it is largely fading as a technology.

The 1990s marked the arrival of two digital networks: CDMA, popular in the United States and a few other countries; and GSM, the dominant technology overseas. These second-generation (2G) networks spread voice calls across several wireless spectrums, making for more reliable connections that are much harder--though not impossible--for hackers to intercept. More importantly, CDMA and GSM networks are also capable of sending a sliver of data along with voice signals, making possible for such features as text messaging (SMS), caller ID, and conference calling.

Though the move to 2G was a great leap in terms of the technology, the splintering of the CDMA and GSM camps created a mess. At the time, AT&T Wireless, Cingular, and VoiceStream (now T-Mobile) opted for GSM. This required the carriers to adopt the now largely defunct TDMA technology before moving on to GSM. On the other hand, Sprint, Verizon, and a number of smaller carriers chose CDMA. While each side says it has the advantage, the schism resulted in two competing networks with little incentive to create a unifying 3G standard. Conversely in Europe, 3G arrived much more quickly because all carriers were working off a government-mandated standard. 

Of course, there were other factors working against 3G's adoption in the United States. Rolling out the new networks was very expensive, and customers had to be sold on the services. Furthermore, the move also involved technological constraints. Carriers had to bridge the gap between slow-as-molasses 2G service and zippy 3G with "2.5G" network enhancements. In operation a couple years now, 2.5G networks let you download ring tones, listen to short audio clips, send multimedia messages, or surf the Web, albeit slowly. These services include GPRS, which is capable of transmitting and receiving data at an average of about 30Kbps to 40Kbps, or a little slower than standard 56K dial-up service and EDGE, another GSM enhancement that manages about 90Kbps on an average day, or almost twice as fast as dial-up. On the CDMA side is 1xRTT, an early version of CDMA2000, which squeaks in about 60Kbps to 80Kbps. The next step, of course, is 3G and beyond. But some important differences remain. 

Devices 

To support the new generation of networks, standards and services, new device types are being developed. It is envisaged that there will be four device types:

1. Voice Centric: Aimed at a market purely interested in making voice calls, although there will be the  

ability to handle limited data. In terms of look and feel they will not deviate far from the current designs, although styled for the current trends and fashion. The ability to search, select, download and play back music (probably in MP3 format) from various service providers should also be possible with these devices. 

2. Smart Phone: These will still resemble current mobile phone forms but will have increased functionality. The user will be able to play back music and display images (possibly small video clips). Some of these devices may include a small camera for taking still pictures or even provide the ability to video conference. Other services available may include some form of Personal Information Manager (PIM), with email and corporate network access. 

3. Personal Data Assistant (PDA): Akin to the current PDA offerings but with the built-in functionality of wireless access to the UMTS network. Voice services will be accessible but these devices are aimed at the data services. The PDA provides a large screen for video and picture display, and web browsing ease. 

4. Radio Card: It is unlikely these will be capable of handling voice, designed purely for the data services and will not be stand-alone. The Radio Card will be designed to be plugged into a laptop to provide access to the wireless UMTS network. It is Likely to take the form of a PCMIA card.

ServicesThere are two main flavors of 3G: UMTS (Universal Mobile Telephone Service), which is being rolled out over existing GSM networks, and CDMA2000, which brings 3G speeds to CDMA networks; for a detailed explanation of terms, see the glossary. Both UMTS and CDMA2000--which has two high-speed offshoots, the data-only 1xEV-DO and the voice-plus-data 1xEV-DV--are already springing up in a handful of U.S. cities and should be available nationwide by the end of 2005. Speeds for both should be about DSL quality. We're also beginning to see discussions of 3.5G and 4G technologies such as HSDPA and WiMax, which should provide cable modem and gigabyte Ethernet speeds.Of course, you'll need a 3G-capable phone to use one of the new high-speed networks. After some false starts, a handful of 3G handsets have appeared in the last few months such as the LG VX8000 and the Motorola A845. In fact, 3G cell phones were a big theme at the 2005 Consumer Electronics Show in Las Vegas, so you can expect many more in 2005. (See all new cell phone reviews.Laptop users also can take advantage of 3G networks for on-the-go broadband without a Wi-Fi network; all you need is a carrier-supplied PC Card. We first played with Verizon's card in 2004, and we liked what we saw. After starting slowly with just two cities in 2003, Verizon now has the largest 3G network. AT&T started a limited rollout in 2004, and other carriers are expected to catch up in the next couple years. Each has a different process for getting there, of course, and their selection of handsets will vary.

By Amit Upadhyay.

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